【suffer的固定搭配和用法总结】“Suffer”是一个常见的英语动词，通常表示“遭受、忍受、经历”，常用于描述负面的经历或痛苦。在实际使用中，“suffer”有多种固定搭配和不同语境下的用法，掌握这些内容对于提高英语表达能力非常有帮助。
以下是对“suffer”的常见固定搭配和用法的总结，便于学习和记忆。
一、固定搭配与常见用法
| 搭配/结构 | 含义 | 例句 |
| suffer from | 遭受（疾病、痛苦、压力等） | She suffers from chronic back pain. |
| suffer a loss | 遭受损失 | The company suffered a huge loss last year. |
| suffer an injury | 受伤 | He suffered an injury during the match. |
| suffer a defeat | 遭受失败 | The team suffered a defeat in the final. |
| suffer from hunger/thirst | 饥饿/口渴 | They had to suffer from hunger during the journey. |
| suffer for one's sins | 因罪恶而受苦 | He will suffer for his sins one day. |
| suffer the consequences | 承受后果 | You have to suffer the consequences of your actions. |
| suffer from insomnia | 失眠 | Many people suffer from insomnia due to stress. |
| suffer from depression | 抑郁症 | She has been suffering from depression for years. |
| suffer a setback | 遭遇挫折 | The project suffered a major setback. |
二、用法说明
1. 及物与不及物
“Suffer”既可以作及物动词，也可以作不及物动词。例如：
- He suffered (from) a heart attack.（不及物）
- She suffered the loss of her job.（及物）
2. 强调承受的痛苦或不利情况
“Suffer”多用于描述不愉快的经历，如身体疼痛、心理痛苦、经济损失等。
3. 被动语态中的使用
在被动语态中，“suffer”常用于描述某种被动接受的情况：
- The country was suffering from war.
4. 正式与口语中的区别
在正式语境中，“suffer”更常用于书面表达，而在口语中可能更倾向于使用“go through”或“have”。
三、常见错误提示
- ❌ He suffered from a cold.
✅ He caught a cold. 或 He suffered from a cold.（虽然语法上可以，但不如“caught”自然）
- ❌ She suffered with pain.
✅ She suffered from pain.（注意介词“from”）
- ❌ They suffered a lot of pressure.
✅ They suffered under pressure. 或 They were under a lot of pressure.
四、总结
“Suffer”是一个意义丰富、使用广泛的动词，尤其在描述负面经历时非常实用。掌握其固定搭配和常见用法，可以帮助我们更准确地表达“遭受”或“忍受”的含义。通过表格形式的整理，可以更清晰地理解不同搭配的具体用法和语境。
建议在写作和口语中多加练习，避免误用，同时结合具体语境灵活运用。
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